The types and characteristics of the chip capacitors:
   Monolithic ceramic capacitors (commonly known as chip capacitors) is the current use of relatively large components, there are tantalum capacitors to replace the potential, NPO (COG), X7R, X5R, Y5V different specifications, different specifications have different purposes. On the commonly used NPO, X7R, X5R and Y5V to introduce their performance and application and procurement should pay attention to the order. NPO, X7R, X5R and Y5V are the temperature characteristics of the capacitor code, mainly due to different capacitive fill medium caused. The capacity, dielectric loss, and capacity stability of capacitors with different fill media are also different. So the use of capacitors should be based on the role of the capacitor in the circuit to use different capacitors.
   A temperature compensated NPO (COG) capacitor
   NPO is one of the most commonly used monolithic ceramic capacitors with temperature compensated characteristics. Its filling medium consists of rubidium, samarium and some other rare oxides. NPO capacitors are one of the most stable capacitors in terms of capacitance and dielectric loss. At a temperature of from -55 ° C to + 125 ° C, the capacity change is 0 ± 30ppm / ° C, and the change in capacitance with frequency is less than ± 0.3 ° C. NPO capacitor drift or lag is less than ± 0.05%, relatively larger than ± 2% of the film capacitor is negligible. Its typical capacity relative to the life of the change is less than ± 0.1%. NPO capacitors differ in package size and their dielectric and dielectric losses vary with frequency, and large package sizes are better than small package sizes. The following table shows the available capacity ranges for commonly used packaged NPO capacitors.
Package size (mm) Capacity range Pressure resistant varieties
  0.4 x 0.2 (01005) 1.0pF-15pF DC = 16V
  0.6 x 0.3 (0201) 0.10pF-100pF DC = 25V
1.00 x 0.50 (0402) 0.10pF-1000pF DC = 50 / 25V
1.60 x 0.80 (0603) 0.50pF-10000pF DC = 200/100/50 / 25V
2.00 x 1.25 (0805) 12pF-47000pF DC = 200/100/50 / 25V
3.20 x 1.60 (1206) 1.0pF-0.10μF DC = 500/200/100/50 / 25V
3.20 x 2.50 (1210) 0.50pF-1000pF DC = 500/300/250/100 / 50V
4.50 x 3.20 (1812) 1200pF-2700pF DC = 200V
5.70 x 5.00 (2220) 3300pF-5600μF DC = 200V
   NPO capacitors are suitable for use in oscillator, resonator tank capacitance, and coupling capacitors in high frequency circuits.
   Two high dielectric constant X7R (R7) characteristic capacitors
   X7R capacitors are known as temperature-stabilized ceramic capacitors. When the temperature at -55 ℃ to +125 ℃ when its capacity changes to 15%, it should be noted that when the capacitor capacity changes are non-linear. The capacity of the X7R capacitor is different at different voltage and frequency conditions, and it also changes over time, varying by about 1% ΔC every 10 years, representing a change of about 5% for 10 years. X7R capacitors are mainly used in demanding industrial applications, and when the voltage changes its capacity changes are acceptable conditions. Its main feature is the capacity in the same volume can be done relatively large. The following table shows the optional capacity range for the X7R capacitor.
Package size (mm) Capacity range Pressure resistant varieties
1.00 x 0.50 (0402) 220pF-0.10μF DC = 50/25/16 / 10V
1.60 x 0.80 (0603) 220pF-0.47μF DC = 100/50/25/16 / 10V
2.00 x 1.25 (0805) 4700pF-2.2μF DC = 100/50/25/16/10 / 6.3V
3.20 x 1.60 (1206) 33000pF-10μF DC = 100/50/25/16 / 10V
3.20 x 2.50 (1210) 68000pF-10μF DC = 100/50/25 / 16V
4.50 x 3.20 (1812) 0.15μF-4.7μF DC = 100/50 / 25V
5.70 x 5.00 (2220) 1.0μF-4.7μF DC = 100 / 50V
   X7R capacitors are suitable for decoupling and smoothing. There are 250V, 630V, 1000V, 2000V and other pressure varieties.
   Three high dielectric constant type Y5V characteristic capacitor
   The Y5V capacitor is a general-purpose capacitor with a temperature limit of + 22% to -82% and a dielectric loss of 5% at operating temperatures from -30 ° C to 85 ° C. The high dielectric constant of Y5V allows the manufacture of capacitors up to 100μF at a small physical size. The range of Y5V capacitors is shown in the following table
 
Package size (mm) Capacity range Pressure resistant varieties
1.00 x 0.50 (0402) 2200pF-1.0μF DC = 50/25/16 / 10V
1.60 x 0.80 (0603) 4700pF-4.7μF DC = 100/50/25/16 / 10V
2.00 x 1.25 (0805) 0.10μF-10μF DC = 50/25/16 / 10V
3.20 x 1.60 (1206) 0.47 μF-22 μF DC = 100/50/25/16/10 / 6.3V
3.20 x 2.50 (1210) 22μF - 100μF DC = 6.3V
   The Y5V capacitor is suitable for decoupling and smoothing.